Cysts are benign skin formations that develop mainly in the dermis, the middle layer of the skin. They appear as small or larger swellings, often confused with lipomas, which, however, occur in deeper layers. Accurate diagnosis by a specialized dermatologist is of major importance, as treatment varies depending on the type, location, and severity of the cyst.
Specialized diagnosis
Personalized, painless & safe treatments
Elimination of recurrences
Rapid recovery
Excellent results
Types of cysts
Epidermoid cyst
This is a benign tumor containing thick keratin that can appear in various parts of the body (face, neck, trunk, genitals). It is usually painless and develops gradually. Patients often choose to have it removed for aesthetic or functional reasons. It presents as a lump under the skin with a central black spot. In case of rupture, it may cause inflammation, redness, pain, and fever. It is formed when epidermal cells penetrate the dermis and form a cyst wall where keratin accumulates.
Pilonidal cyst
This specific type of cyst develops at the lower part of the spine, usually after puberty. It is often accompanied by inflammation and abscess, causing intense pain. Risk factors include a sedentary lifestyle, increased hair growth, and hormonal imbalances.
Sebaceous cyst
The sebaceous cyst is a benign tumor of the subcutaneous tissue, filled with sebum. It commonly appears on the head, neck, back, or limbs and has a soft texture. It is usually painless, with a smooth oval shape. In case of inflammation, it may lead to redness, swelling, and pain. It is often related to blockage of sebaceous glands, and hereditary factors also play a role. An increase in size may put pressure on the overlying skin, causing thinning or inflammation.
Cysts vs Lipomas
Cysts are located in the dermis and may contain sebum, keratin, or fluid. They often become inflamed and require treatment to avoid recurrence. Lipomas are found in the subcutaneous tissue, are softer, and rarely become inflamed. Removal may be necessary if they cause aesthetic discomfort or pressure on organs.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis is performed via clinical examination and, in some cases, imaging tests (ultrasound or high-definition systems such as Foto Finder). Depending on the case, the following treatments are applied:
Conservative management
Antibiotics to address inflammation.
Drainage for temporary relief, although it carries a risk of recurrence.
Surgical removal
Complete removal of the cyst and its capsule to prevent recurrence.
Use of local anesthesia for a painless procedure without hospitalization.
Laser and corticosteroids
Laser is mainly used for aesthetic purposes, while corticosteroids are injected locally to reduce inflammation.
Cysts are a common occurrence with different types, characteristics, and causes. Accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment by a specialized dermatologist ensure optimal recovery, minimizing recurrences and delivering excellent aesthetic results.
